Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Kinnikinnick is a popular low-growing manzanita that is often used as a groundcover and lawn replacement plant. It is a spreading evergreen shrub that features small, pinkish-white flowers and red berries. Both the flowers and fruit are attractive to birds and insects.


Kinnikinnick and its cultivars grow best in cooler mountainous or coastal regions of California. When planted in hot, dry inland areas, it requires afternoon shade and supplemental water. Kinnikinnick likes loamy, acidic soil.

Plant type

Shrub

Size

2 ft Tall
10 ft Wide

Form

Spreading

Growth rate

Fast, Moderate

Dormancy

Evergreen

Fragrance

Slight

Calscape icon
Color

Purple, Pink, White

Flowering season

Spring, Winter

Special uses

Deer resistant, Groundcover

Sun

Partial Shade, Full Sun

Water

Very Low

Summer irrigation

Max 2x / month once established

Ease of care

Easy

Cold tolerance

Tolerates cold to 30° F

Soil drainage

Fast, Medium

Soil description

Tolerates a variety of soils but prefers sandy loam. Tolerates serpentine soil..
Soil PH: 4.0 - 7.0

Maintenance

Prune as needed to contain spread

Propagation

For propagating by seed: Soak in concentrated H2SO4 for 3-6 hrs. then 2-4 mos. warm and 2-3 mos. cold stratification ( USDA Forest Service 1974 ); or 6 hrs. of concentrated acid and 2 mos. each of warm then cold stratification (McLean 1967) For the acid treatment, single nutlets and stone pieces (often without embryos) and entire stones should be treated separately, as they require different amounts of time in acid (Giersback 1937) For all species, an alternate method is fire treatment in fall; this gives germination by spring. More easily propagated from tip cuttings in winter using bottom heat.

Sunset Zones

1, 4*, 5*, 6, 7, 14, 15*, 16*, 17*, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24

Site type

Rocky outcrops, slopes, sandy places primarily near the coast of central to northern California, as part of coastal strand, northern coastal scrub or chaparral.

Plant communities

Chaparral, Northern Coastal Scrub

Low-growing coastal plants from central and northern California including California Seapink (Armeria maritima var. californica), Beach Sage (Artemisia pycnocephala), Ceanothus species, Seaside Daisy (Erigeron glaucus), Seaside Buckwheat (Eriogonum latifolium), Seaside Woolly Sunflower (Eriophyllum staechadifolium), Hairy Gumweed (Grindelia hirsutula), Lupinus species, and Dune goldenrod (Solidago spathulata)

Hummingbirds
Bats
Birds
Bees
Caterpillars
Butterflies

Butterflies and moths supported

6 confirmed and 47 likely

Confirmed Likely

Aethaloida packardaria

Aseptis fanatica

The Brown Elfin

Callophrys augustinus

Hoary Elfin

Callophrys polios