Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Black Cottonwood (Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa) is a native tree that grows in northern, southern and central California. It is fast growing and moderately long-lived. It grows in an upright form to a height of 100 feet, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are yellow and bloom in the mid spring. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow in alluvial bottomplands and streamsides, at elevations from 0-9000 feet. Tough and easy to grow as long as it is in sun, near a water sources and has very good drainage. Black Cottonwood is a great choice to help build a natural irrigation system - its long shallow roots will reach out to the water source and pull underground water molecules through your garden. It needs moist soil until mature, and then becomes moderately drought tolerant.

Plant type

Tree

Size

30 - 100 ft Tall
25 - 30 ft Wide

Form

Upright, Upright Columnar

Growth rate

Fast

Dormancy

Winter Deciduous

Calscape icon
Color

Green, Yellow

Flowering season

Winter, Spring

Sun

Full Sun

Water

High, Moderate

Summer irrigation

Max 1x / month once established

Ease of care

Easy

Soil drainage

Fast

Soil description

Well draining.

Propagation

For propagating by seed: No treatment. Use fresh seeds, usually viable only a few days. Seeds should not be covered or pressed into medium; seedbed should be kept saturated for first mo. Easily propagated from stem cuttings.

Sunset Zones

1, 2*, 3*, 4*, 5*, 6*, 7*, 8, 9, 14, 15*, 16*, 17*, 18*, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24*

Site type

Alluvial bottomplands, streamsides

Plant communities

Chaparral, Foothill Woodland, Lodgepole Forest, Red Fir Forest, Subalpine Forest, Valley Grassland, Yellow Pine Forest, Wetland-Riparian

Bats
Birds
Caterpillars
Butterflies

Butterflies and moths supported

3 confirmed and 144 likely

Confirmed Likely

Western Tent Caterpillar

Malacosoma californica

Lappet Moth

Phyllodesma americana

Pearsall's Carpet Moth

Venusia pearsalli

Climbing Cutworm

Abagrotis orbis