Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Coffeeberry (Frangula californica)  is a dense evergreen shrub with dark red branches and oval leaves that are an attractive dark green with reddish tint. The flowers are inconspicuous, small and greenish-white. The plant is prized more for its fruit, which turns red, then purple, and finally black over the summer. The fruits attract a variety of birds. 

This shrub is beautiful and easy to grow. It tolerates a wide variety of soil types and likes either full sun or part shade. It is moderately garden tolerant, and takes low water but accepts light summer water up to 2 times per month.

Coffeeberry has a dense form and is easy to prune. It makes a great and fire resistant hedge. There are six subspecies, some of which are restricted to certain parts of its range or certain growing requirements. There are also several horticultural varieties including 'Eve Case' and 'Mound San Bruno'. Select one that best fits your locations and conditions.

Plant type

Shrub

Size

6 - 15 ft Tall
5 - 15 ft Wide

Form

Mounding, Rounded, Spreading

Growth rate

Moderate

Dormancy

Evergreen

Fragrance

None

Calscape icon
Color

Green, Cream, White

Flowering season

Summer, Spring

Special uses

Bank stabilization, Containers, Hedge

Sun

Full Sun, Partial Shade

Water

Very Low, Low

Summer irrigation

Max 2x / month once established

Ease of care

Easy

Cold tolerance

Tolerates cold to 10° F

Soil drainage

Fast, Medium

Soil description

Tolerates a variety of soils, but some subspecies have specific soil affinities.
Soil PH: 5.0 - 8.0

Maintenance

Takes pruning well. Upright forms may be pruned to form a hedge.

Propagation

Seeds or cuttings. For propagating by seed: Fresh seeds need no treatment; stored seeds 3 months stratification.

Site type

This species is found in a wide variety of settings and habitats across the state, including coastal strand, foothill woodland slopes, sage scrub flats, chaparral, evergreen forest in mountain areas, rocky outcrops, sandy areas, stream banks, pinyon-juniper woodland in desert transition, and creosote bush scrub in high desert

Plant communities

Chaparral, Coastal Sage Scrub, Coastal Strand, Creosote Bush Scrub, Foothill Woodland, Joshua Tree Woodland, Mixed Evergreen Forest, Northern Coastal Scrub, Pinyon-Juniper Woodland, Red Fir Forest, Forest, Yellow Pine Forest

Because the species is found in various habitats throughout the state and is tolerant of garden conditions, it can be combined with a wide variety of trees and shrubs.

Bats
Caterpillars
Butterflies

Butterflies and moths supported

10 confirmed and 23 likely

Confirmed Likely

Orange Tortrix Moth

Argyrotaenia franciscana

Clepsis fucana

Epinotia lomonana

Elegant Sheepmoth

Hemileuca eglanterina