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Van Houtte's Columbine

Aquilegia eximia

Aquilegia eximia is a species of columbine known by the common name Van Houtte's columbine. It is endemic to California, where it grows in the moist forests of the Coast Ranges. This is a perennial herb growing from a thick caudex and varying in height, reaching a maximum height near 5 feet. The lower leaves are divided into large, leaflike segments up to 1.5 to 2 inches long and a lobed oval in shape. Leaves farther up the stem are not segmented but may be deeply lobed. The flower cluster bears a large, nodding columbine flower. Each flower has five bright red to orange-red flat sepals up to 1 inch long, and five petals which are hollow spurs 0.5 to 1.5 inches long, bright orange-red on the outer surface and lighter orange to yellow inside. The mouth of each hollow petal tube is up to a centimeter wide. The sepals and petals are generally reflexed back toward the stem and the five pistils and many thin stamens extend forward from the center of the flower.

Western Columbine

Aquilegia formosa

The Western Columbine is also known as the Red or Crimson Columbine because of its attractive red-and-yellow-colored flowers. The blooms are very appealing to hummingbirds. Mature seedheads provide food for finches and other bird species.

This charming wildflower is a member of the buttercup family and grows in moist, shady locations. In the garden, it likes regular water, partial shade, and compost-rich, well-draining soil. It does self-sow, but deadheading will control spreading.

Yellow Scarlet Columbine

Aquilegia formosa 'Yellow'

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Garden selection of stream side species (Aquilegia formosa).

Sierra Columbine

Aquilegia pubescens

Aquilegia pubescens is a species of columbine known by the common names Sierra Columbine and Coville's Columbine. It is sometimes called "yellow columbine", but this properly refers to A. flavescens. This wildflower is endemic to California, where it is a resident of the High Sierra. It is found in alpine and subalpine climates. This leafy columbine rarely reaches half a meter in height. The showy flowers are usually erect rather than drooping and are up to a centimeter wide at the mouth. The flower spurs may be up to 4 centimeters long. The sepals and petals are generally yellow, less often white or pink. The Sierra columbine may hybridize with the Crimson Columbine (A. formosa).

Desert Columbine

Aquilegia shockleyi

Desert Columbine (Aquilegia shockleyi) is a native perennial herb that grows in southern and central California.

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