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Braunton's Milkvetch

Astragalus brauntonii

Astragalus brauntonii is a rare species of milkvetch known by the common name Braunton's milkvetch. It is endemic to California, where it is known from fewer than 20 extant occurrences in the hills and mountains surrounding the Los Angeles Basin in Southern California. This is a federally listed endangered species in the United States. Astragalus brauntonii is a plant of the coastal prairie grasslands, coastal sage scrub, and chaparral plant communities of the region. It is often found growing in disturbed areas, especially in carbonate soils areas. The 16 known remaining populations are found in the southwestern Transverse Ranges (eastern Santa Monica Mountains, east end Simi Hills, south base San Gabriel Mountains), northern Peninsular Ranges (northwest side Santa Ana Mountains) - within Los Angeles, Orange, and Ventura Counties. They appear to be extirpated from the southern Channel Islands. Braunton's milkvetch is a large perennial herb which grows from a woody caudex and reaches up to 1. 5-metre (4. 9 ft) tall. The thick hollow stems are coated in coarse white hairs. Leaves are up to 16-centimetre (6. 3 in) long and are made up of many pairs of oval-shaped leaflike leaflets. The inflorescence is a dense spike of up to 60 bright lilac flowers. Each pealike flower is about a centimeter long with a reflexed hood. The flowers wither and turn brown but remain on the plant instead of dropping off. The plant is pollinated by native Megachile bees and native bumble bees (i. e. Bombus sp. ). The fruit is a small bent legume pod. Fire ecology. This plant, like many chaparral species, is fire-adapted and requires wildfire or other disturbance to propagate. The beanlike seeds require scarification to break down their tough seed coats before they can germinate. The seeds persist for years in the soil until fire allows them to sprout, with populations of the plant springing up in an area that has been recently swept by wildfire. It is a pioneer species, one of the first to grow in a disturbed area and one that is soon crowded out by plant species that appear later in ecological succession. Wildfire suppression in the hills and mountains surrounding Los Angeles prevent the plant from reproducing.

Dwarf White Milkvetch

Astragalus didymocarpus

Astragalus didymocarpus is a species of milkvetch known by the common names dwarf white milkvetch and two-seeded milkvetch. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it can be found in many types of habitat. Astragalus didymocarpus is a slender, hairy annual herb growing erect to about 30 centimeters tall, drooping, or flat on the ground in a spreading clump. The leaves are up to 7 or 8 centimeters long and are made up of narrow to oblong leaflets. The inflorescence is a cluster of up to 30 purple-tinted white flowers, each under a centimeter long. The inflorescence is covered in long black and white hairs. Astragalus didymocarpus is a slender, hairy annual herb growing erect to about 30 centimeters tall, drooping, or flat on the ground in a spreading clump. The leaves are up to 7 or 8 centimeters long and are made up of narrow to oblong leaflets. The inflorescence is a cluster of up to 30 purple-tinted white flowers, each under a centimeter long. The inflorescence is covered in long black and white hairs. The fruit is a small, spherical legume pod a few millimeters wide which dries to a stiff papery texture. Varieties: There are several varieties of Astragalus didymocarpus: A. d. var. didymocarpus - erect herb found in western Nevada and much of California, A. d. var. dispermus - prostrate form native to the desert regions, A. d. var. milesianus (Miles' milkvetch) - rare variety found only along the Central Coast of CaliforniaA. d. var. obispoensis - form with ascending stems native to coastal southern California and Baja California

Lemmon's Milkvetch

Astragalus lemmonii

Astragalus lemmonii, the Lemmon' milkvetch, is a rare plant of eastern California. It is a member of the bean family, the Leguminosae (a. k. a. Fabaceae), and specifically a member of the subfamily Papilionoideae (a. k. a. Faboideae). The genus Astragalus is a large genus within this family; members of this genus are known as milkvetches or locoweeds. Close relatives of this particular species include Astragalus peckii and Astragalus lentiformis. The plant is a perennial plant. It has a fleshy to woody taproot, loosely matted to open and widely branched, herbage green but sparsely strigose, with basifixed hairs. Its several stems are slender and radiates from a superficial root-crown, prostrate to procumbent, herbaceous to the base, 10-50 cm, very sparsely strigose, floriferous from near the base. The stipules submembranous, semi- or fully amplexicaul but free, 2-5 mm. The leaves measures 1-4½ cm. Leaflets are 7-15, narrowly elliptic, lanceolate to oblong to oblanceolate; tips acute, subacute, or exceptionally emarginate; sparingly appressed-pubescent, 2-11 mm. The terminal leaflet is generally much broader than the subfiliform rachis. Inflorescence. The inflorescences are several and are often paired in the axils. These are distal, often 2 or 3 in one axil, one raceme of each pair usually developing much sooner than the other. The peduncles are slender, filiform, incurved-ascending at anthesis, mostly 1-2 cm long (much shorter than the leaves). Several (2-13) flowers are clustered at the ends of the peduncles. These flowers are ascending in subcapitate racemes.

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