Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Foothill Pine (Pinus sabiniana), also known as gray or ghost pine, is a slow-growing and moderately long-lived tree native to California. It grows at elevations up to 4,500 feet and has distinct, long, drooping, silvery-green foliage. The yellow flowers bloom in early spring, and the tree bears sweet edible seeds. This pine is quite resilient, thriving in areas with poor soils and dry conditions.

Foothill Pine grows in an upright form to a height of up to 80 feet, but with regular irrigation, it can reach 40-60 feet in landscaping applications. Its feathery, lacey canopy allows plenty of light to filter through, making it an excellent choice for planting understory plants beneath it without much interference. This tree is perfect for dry, challenging areas and provides a soft, dappled shade.

Plant type

Tree

Size

20 - 80 ft Tall
20 - 40 ft Wide

Form

Upright, Pyramidal, Upright Columnar

Growth rate

Fast, Slow

Dormancy

Evergreen

Fragrance

Pleasant

Calscape icon
Color

Yellow

Flowering season

Spring, Winter

Special uses

Bank stabilization, Hedge

Sun

Full Sun, Partial Shade

Water

Very Low, Low

Summer irrigation

Max 1x / month once established

Ease of care

Easy

Cold tolerance

Tolerates cold to -20 - -10° F

Soil drainage

Fast, Medium

Soil description

Poor soils, serpentine soils. Tolerates serpentine soil..
Soil PH: 5 - 8

Maintenance

Fine to prune off bottom branches. Prune in winter when wood boring insects are less active.

Propagation

For propagating by seed: 2-4 mos. stratification; for small lots, cracking seed coats first gives quicker germination ( USDA Forest Service 1974).

Sunset Zones

3, 4*, 5*, 6*, 7*, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14*, 15*, 16*, 17*, 18*, 19*, 20*, 21*, 22*, 23*, 24*

Site type

places with poor soils

Plant communities

Foothill Woodland

Bats
Caterpillars
Butterflies

Butterflies and moths supported

3 confirmed and 92 likely

Confirmed Likely

Chionodes retiniella

Chionodes sabinianae

Common Gray

Anavitrinella pampinaria