Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Gaultheria shallon is a leathery-leaved shrub in the heather family (Ericaceae), related to Manzanitas and Madrone. It is native to western North America as far north as Alaska. In California it is found primarily along the coast from Pt. Conception northwards. The foliage is dark green and attractive, sometimes used in commercial flower arrangements. The flowers are pink to white and urn-shaped, much like Manzanitas. The dark blue fruit is edible. Gaultheria shallon is very tolerant of both open sun and shady conditions. It occurs as a sprawling ground cover or a medium height shrub, depending on local growing conditions. It is a common coniferous forest understory species and may dominate large areas. In coastal areas it can form deep, nearly impenetrable thickets. It would be a nice addition to a woodland garden on the central or northern coast.

Plant type

Shrub

Size

1 - 7 ft Tall
7 - 12 ft Wide

Form

Upright

Growth rate

Moderate, Fast

Dormancy

Evergreen

Fragrance

Slight

Calscape icon
Color

White, Pink

Flowering season

Spring

Special uses

Hedge

Sun

Deep Shade, Partial Shade

Water

High, Moderate

Summer irrigation

Max 2x / month once established

Cold tolerance

Tolerates cold to 10° F

Soil drainage

Fast, Medium

Soil description

Prefers sandy soil with organic material.
Soil PH: 4.0 - 6.5

Propagation

For propagating by seed: No treatment. Best sown on milled sphagnum moss.

Sunset Zones

4*, 5*, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24

Site type

Moist open places

Plant communities

Closed-cone Pine Forest, Mixed Evergreen Forest, Northern Coastal Scrub, Forest

Use as understory for various trees including Maple (Acer spp.), Alder (Alnus rhombifolia or rubra), Madrone (Arbutus menziesii), Giant Chinquapin (Chrysolepis chrysophylla), Tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus), Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), and Bay Laurel (Umbellularia californica).

Works well with other shrubs and herbs

Caterpillars
Butterflies

Butterflies and moths supported

2 confirmed and 2 likely

Confirmed Likely

The Brown Elfin

Callophrys augustinus

Lotisma trigonana

Canary Ypsolopha Moth

Ypsolopha canariella