Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria

View additional distribution information on the Jepson eflora

Bay laurel (Umbellularia californica) is an evergreen tree is an attractive tree of variable size, most often 20 to 45 feet. It is slow to establish, then grows fast.  The leaves give off a peppery aroma and are often used as a cooking spice. They sometimes turn a spectacular golden color during the autumn in northern California. The flowers are small; white, yellow or yellowish green; and open in late winter and early spring. The fruit is a round, green berry lightly spotted with yellow and purple.  

This is one of the few garden trees that tolerates serpentine or clay soils. It is adaptable to various soils and drought tolerant to moderate in water use.   It releases terpenes that kill off competing plants, which can somewhat limit understory planting. Protect young plants from browsing deer. 

Numerous insects and birds are attracted to the flowers and fruits, with about 4 species of butterfly and moth hosted.

Plant type

Tree

Size

6 - 80 ft Tall
3 - 30 ft Wide

Form

Upright, Rounded

Growth rate

Moderate

Dormancy

Evergreen

Fragrance

Pleasant

Calscape icon
Color

Yellow, Green, Cream, White

Flowering season

Spring

Special uses

Bank stabilization, Hedge

Sun

Full Sun, Partial Shade

Water

Low, Moderate

Summer irrigation

Max 3x / month once established

Ease of care

Easy

Cold tolerance

Tolerates cold to 10° F

Soil drainage

Medium, Slow

Soil description

Tolerates a variety of soils including clay and serpentine. Tolerates serpentine soil..
Soil PH: 5.0 - 8.0

Sunset Zones

1, 2, 3, 4, 5*, 6*, 7*, 8*, 9*, 14*, 15*, 16*, 17*, 18*, 19*, 20*, 21*, 22*, 23*, 24*

Site type

Coastal forests, creek sides, foothills, canyons

Plant communities

Chaparral, Foothill Woodland, Mixed Evergreen Forest, Forest, Yellow Pine Forest, Wetland-Riparian

It releases terpenes that kill off competing plants which can somewhat limit understory planting. California Wild Grape (Vitis californica) is said to work well in the understory. Compatible trees and shrubs include Madrone (Arbutus menziesii), Manzanita (Arctostaphylos spp.), Incense Cedar (Calocedrus decurrens), Ceanothus spp., California Coffeeberry (Frangula californica), Silk Tassel (Garrya elliptica or G. fremontii), Tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus), Yellow Pine (Pinus ponderosa), Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), Oak (Quercus spp.), and Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens).

Caterpillars
Butterflies

Butterflies and moths supported

1 confirmed and 3 likely

Confirmed Likely

Cameraria umbellulariae

Orange Tortrix Moth

Argyrotaenia franciscana

Omnivorous Looper

Sabulodes aegrotata