Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and sun or part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and sun or part shade in inland sites. Selected from san Jose area.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

California Fuchsia (Epilobium canum) is a beautiful species of willowherb, native to the California foothills and coastal areas. It is a perennial plant, notable for the profusion of bright scarlet flowers in summer and autumn --- it's frequently the only native California plant in an area flowering at the height of summer. They tend to die back and go dormant in the winter.

Other common names include California Fuchsia (from the resemblance of the flowers to those of Fuchsias), Hummingbird Flower, and Hummingbird Trumpet (as the flowers are very attractive to hummingbirds).

California Fuchsia is often found by seasonal creeks, seeps and spring, particularly in the drier southern part of its range.

California Fuchsia is easy to grow. It does best and will flower most profusely in full sun. In the wetter, northern part of its range or near the coast, this plant will typically require no supplemental water after established. In the drier, hotter, inland southern areas, it will often die without summer water unless planted close to an irrigated or other wet area. You can water it 1x/month without much danger.

Plants tend to get straggly after flowering by late fall or early winter. Best to cut it back to the ground as soon as the flowers are spent, and it will come back back lush and healthy in the spring. Otherwise, it will look straggly and unhealthy the next year and is more likely to die.

This plant will readily self-seed, so once you get this species established, it will usually start springing up around your garden. It also spreads by rhizomes. There's probably no better California native plant for attracting hummingbirds.

This plant is on several fire-resistant plant lists, including FireSafe Marin and County of San Diego.

Everett's Choice California fuchsia (Epilobium canum var. latifolium 'Everett's Choice') is a deciduous perennial in the Evening-Primrose family (Onagraceae). Everett Butts from Wapumne Nursery (Lincoln, California) introduced this horticultural selection, and it is one of the lowest growing of all California fuchsias. Small silvery leaves hug the ground, with red-orange tubular flowers floating above. Hummingbirds adore the flowers and rely on them as a food source in late summer and early autumn, when little else is blooming.

California fuchsias grow on dry slopes and ridges in Chaparral, Coastal Sage Scrub, and Pine or Fir Forest plant communities. Along the coast, it grows in extremely dry soil with no summer rain, but can also be found growing near creeks and streams. Inland, it survives drought, but looks fresher when growing near naturally moist sites. Everett's choice grows best in full sun along the coast with some afternoon shade in hot inland gardens. Although drought tolerant, it performs best with a deep summer watering every couple of weeks after establishment. As with all California fuchsias, a hard winter cut-back will produce a denser plant the following year. Everett's choice looks great next to a path or trailing over a rock wall or container.

The delicate gray-green foliage and scarlet flowers of Hollywood Flame California fuchsia (Epilobium canum 'Hollywood Flame') make this an attractive garden plant. Like the straight California fuchsia from which it was cultivated, as well as the many other cultivars of this species, its profuse blooms in late summer create a hummingbird magnet.

It now grows wild in the Hollywood Hills after which it is said to be named.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and sun or part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Horticultural selection from Epilobium canum. Sierra salmon Fuchsia has narrow blue-gray leaves and produces profuse salmon-colored flowers in late summer or fall when many other flowering natives are dormant. Upright growing from 8"-2' tall and equally wide. Epilobiums are recommended for casual or informal gardens. Plant on slight slopes among rocks, in dry stream-beds, against rock walls or in rock gardens. Good for erosion control and fall color. Cold hardy to 1 degrees F. They are beloved by hummingbirds. We recommend cutting California Fuchsia back very hard in the late fall ready for flush of new growth in the spring. Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and sun or part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

California Fuchsia (Epilobium canum ssp. canum) is a native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in dry slopes and ridges, at elevations from 0-4900 feet.

California Fuchsia (Epilobium canum ssp. latifolium) is a native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in dry slopes and ridges, at elevations from 1600-9800 feet.

Epilobium glaberrimum is a species of willowherb known by the common name glaucous willowherb. This clumping perennial wildflower is native to western North America from central Canada to northern Mexico. It generally grows at some elevation in moist places. This plant is somewhat variable in appearance. It may exceed half a meter in height and has hairless foliage with leaves between one and 8 centimeters long. The flower has four notched petals in purple, pink, or white which may be only a couple of millimeters long to over a centimeter long each. The fruit is a narrow, sticklike capsule 2 to 7 centimeters long. Two subspecies are recognized as valid:

The genus Epilobium in the Onagraceae (Willowherb or Evening Primrose) family includes numerous species. Epilobium septentrionale is a rare species (CNPS list 4.3) known by the common names Humboldt County Fuchsia and Northern Willowherb. Plants in this genus were once treated as members of genus Zauschneria, and some sources still refer to it by that name. This species is endemic to northern California, where it is an uncommon resident of the rocky ledges of the Cascades. It is a squat, clumpy perennial growing in thin patches of soil between rocks and sending up a few erect stems. The leaves are oval and pointed, hairy, and covered in a coat of white fuzz. At the end of each erect branch is a hairy flower cluster bearing a bright red-orange tubular flower 2-3 centimeters long. A bunch of stamens and one long pistil protrude obviously from the mouth of the bloom, which is pollinated by nectar-feeding birds. The fruit is a hairy capsule about two centimeters long. This plant would be a good choice for the north coast garden. For other regions, other species in this genus are available.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected by Ray Collett and Brett Hall from a rock outcrop along the Mattole River in Humbolt Co.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected by Ray Collett and Brett Hall from along the Mattole River in Humboldt Co.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun or part shade in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Horticultural selection of E. Septentrionale; Origin: seed collected (197) by Wayne Roderick, Eel River, Humboldt Co., selection by Nevin smith.

Epipactis gigantea is a species of orchid known by the common names stream orchid and giant helleborine. This wildflower is native to western North America from western Canada to central Mexico. This is one of the most abundant orchids of the Pacific coast of North America.

Epipactis gigantea is an erect perennial reaching anywhere from 30 centimeters to one meter in height. Its stems have wide or narrow lance-shaped leaves 5 to 15 centimeters long and inflorescences of two or three showy orchids near the top. Each flower has three straight sepals which are light brownish or greenish with darker veining, each one to two centimeters long. The two top petals are similar in shape and reddish-brown with purple veins. The lowest petal is cup-shaped with a pointed, tongue-like protuberance and is brighter red-brown and more starkly veined, often with areas of yellow. The fruit is a hanging capsule 2 or 3 centimeters long which contains thousands of tiny seeds. This plant grows in wet areas in a variety of habitats, including riverbanks, hot springs, and meadows. Unlike some of its relatives, this species is an autotroph. A distinctive race with burgundy colored foliage is known from The Cedars in Sonoma County California, an area of serpentine rock, and it is called forma rubrifolia (P M Brown).

Epipactis gigantea is cultivated in the specialty horticulture trade and available as a non-wild collected propagated ornamental plant for: natural landscape, traditional, native plant, and habitat gardens. A maroon leaved (forma rubrifolia) cultivar is also grown, called 'Serpentine Night'.

Grows best in sandy, coarse-grained or other fast draining soil. Prefers part shade in coastal sites, and part shade or shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden by Roger Raiche.

Eragrostis hypnoides is a species of grass known by the common name teal lovegrass. It is native to the Americas from Canada to Argentina. It is found in moist areas near water in substrates of sand or mud. Eragrostis hypnoides is a mat-forming, creeping annual, rooting at stolons and sending up short erect stem tips to about 10 centimeters in height at maximum. The inflorescences atop the erect portions have small spikelets about a centimeter long which are yellow-green to slightly purple. Eragrostis hypnoides is a mat-forming, creeping annual, rooting at stolons and sending up short erect stem tips to about 10 centimeters in height at maximum. The inflorescences atop the erect portions have small spikelets about a centimeter long which are yellow-green to slightly purple.

Eriastrum densifolium is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name giant woollystar. This wildflower is native to California and Baja California where it grows in open areas such as sand dunes and dry washes. It grows on an erect stem with slightly hairy to densely woolly foliage, often giving the plant a dark gray-green color. The leaves are narrow and spike-shaped with pointed lobes. The top of each stem is occupied by a bunched flower cluster full of woolly leaflike leafs and funnel-shaped, flat-faced flowers. The flowers are each 1 to 3 centimeters long with a face up to three or four centimeters wide. The lobes are white to bright, striking blue, sometimes with longitudinal pinstripes. The stamens protrude from the throat.

Ericameria cuneata is a species of flowering shrub in the daisy family known by the common name cliff goldenbush. This plant is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows on cliffs, mountainsides, and rocky hillsides. It is a small, hairy shrub reaching anywhere from ten centimeters to nearly a meter in height. Its wavy-edged leaves are rounded and oval-shaped, often with visible resin glands, and up to 2 and a half centimeters long. Atop each of the many erect branches is an flower cluster of several golden yellow flower heads, each with few or up to 70 disc florets and sometimes a few short ray florets.

Ericameria ericoides is a species of flowering shrub in the daisy family known by the common names California goldenbush and California heathgoldenrod. This plant is endemic to California, where it grows in the sand dunes and coastal hills between the northern San Francisco Bay Area and the Los Angeles area. This shrub rarely approaches a maximum height of one meter and is densely foliated with comblike fans of small cylindrical leaves up to a centimeter long. Its small erect branches are topped with flower clusters of small golden yellow flower heads, each with several disc florets and a few ray florets.

This is a great landscaping choice for sandy seaside conditions.

Ericameria laricifolia is a species of flowering shrub in the daisy family known by the common name turpentine bush, or turpentine-brush. This plant is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in desert scrub and woodland. This shrub reaches one half to one meter in height, is generally hairless, somewhat hairy, and aromatic. It sometimes has naked stems at the base but the upper branches are densely foliated in needlelike, pointed leaves one to three centimeters long. The many erect branches bear flower clusters of bright golden yellow flower heads, each with many long disc florets and a few ray florets.

Rubber rabbitbrush (Ericameria nauseosa) provides year-round visual interest in waterwise and pollinator gardens. This medium-sized shrub is a member of the Sunflower family and thrives in dry regions of the Western US. "Rubber" refers to the plant's sap and "nauseosa" is a nod to its pungent scent. The plant is also sometimes called chamisa.

Rubber rabbitbrush blooms from summer into fall. The tubular flowers are golden-yellow in color. They are attractive to butterflies, bees, and other late season pollinators. Even when not in bloom, the blue-green, needlelike leaves and pale stems add color to the landscape.

Rubber rabbitbrush is a low moisture plant that likes full sun and sandy, well-draining soil. It's a low maintenance shrub that can be used in soil stabilization and restoration applications. It normally grows to about 5 ft in height although some plants can reach 9 ft tall. Winter pruning shapes rubber rabbitbrush and encourages next year's blooms.

Palmer's Goldenbush (Ericameria palmeri) is a native shrub that grows in Southern and Central California, primarily in the South Coast, the Channel Islands and Sonoran Desert regions. It was formerly classified in the genus Haplopappus, and some sources may still refer to it by that name. There are two recognized varieties, var. palmeri and var. pachylepis  It tends to grow in flats and slopes, at elevations from 0-2600 feet. While not the most attractive plant, it has wildlife value and is probably best suited for restoration projects or wildlife gardens. Its very late bloom time when little else is in flower makes it important for pollinators.

Mojave Rabbitbrush (Ericameria paniculata) is a native perennial herb that grows in southern and central California. It tends to grow at elevations from 1300-5200 feet.Ericameria paniculata (syn. Chrysothamnus paniculatus) is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names desert rabbitbrush, Mojave rabbitbrush, catclaw rabbitbrush, black-banded rabbitbrush, sticky rabbitbrush, and punctate rabbitbrush. It is native to the deserts of the southwestern United States.This plant is a branching shrub reaching up to 2 meters tall. The spreading or erect stems are glandular and resinous and are often banded or splotched with black from a fungus. The glandular leaves are up to 3 or 3.5 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is an array of flower heads, each of which contains 5 to 8 disc florets and no ray florets. The fruit is up to a centimeter long including its long pappus. They are wind-dispersed.This plant is found in a great variety of habitats, including disturbed areas such as roadsides. It tolerates poor soils. It may be found alongside creosote, Joshua tree, baccharis, white burrobush, desert saltbush, and catclaw acacia.

Ericameria pinifolia is a species of flowering shrub in the daisy family known by the common name pinebush. This plant is endemic to southern California where it is found in scrub and chaparral from the inland foothills to the deserts. This is a green, hairless shrub reaching maximum heights of one half to two meters. It is covered in clustered needlelike leaves each one to four centimeters long which at first glance look like very young pine needles. The leaves are more fleshy than true needles and the plant is not related to the pines. Atop each of the many erect branches is an flower cluster of small whitish flower heads. The plant blooms twice per year, producing single-head flower clusters in the spring and flower clusters with many smaller heads in the fall. The fruit is an achene with a bright white, red, or tan pappus.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Scabland Fleabane (Erigeron bloomeri var. nudatus) is a rare native perennial herb that grows in Northern California, primarily in the Klamath Mountain Range region. It tends to grow in rocky slopes, at elevations from 2000-7500 feet.

Erigeron divergens is a flowering plant in the daisy family. Common names include spreading fleabane and branching fleabane. It bears small, attractive daisylike flowers with up to 150 ray flowers, giving the round flowerhead a frilly look. The flowers may be white or a light shade of purple. The plump yellow or greenish-yellow centers are made up of tiny disk flowers. It is a plant of many habitats from desert to low-elevation mountains in western North America, especially the American southwest.

Threadleaf Fleabane (Erigeron filifolius) is a native perennial herb that grows in Southern and Northern California, primarily in the Modoc Plateau region. It is fast growing and short-lived. It grows in an upright form to a height of 1 foot, with active growth during the spring and summer. Flowers are purple and striking, and bloom in the late summer. Leaves are medium green and deciduous. It tends to grow at elevations from 4000-6500 feet.

Erigeron foliosus is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name leafy fleabane. This wildflower is native to western North America from Oregon to Baja California, where it can be found in many habitats. There are several Varieties: In general, this is an erect, clumping and branching perennial daisy growing from woody roots to heights of anywhere between 20 centimeters and one meter. Unlike some other fleabanes, it has leaves evenly spaced all over the stem. They may be thready or wide and flat, and are between one and seven centimeters long. Atop each branch of the leafy stem is an flower cluster of one to several flower heads, each one to one and a half centimeters wide. The head has a center of golden disc florets and a fringe of up to 60 pale to medium purple ray florets.

As its common name implies, Seaside Daisy (Erigeron glaucus) is a perennial plant in the Daisy family that grows on the coastline of California and also north into coastal Oregon. This cheerful plant has a long flowering season, which can be prolonged by deadheading spent flowers. It blooms profusely in shades of lavender and pink, with large yellow centers. The flowers are attractive to butterflies and bees.

Seaside Daisy is a sturdy, low-growing plant. It has very low water needs, especially when planted in coastal areas, where no irrigation is needed once it is established. When planted inland or in containers, some supplemental water is beneficial. Plant in sunny areas as a groundcover or part of a pollinator garden where it has room to spread.

Several cultivars are available. Wayne Roderick introduced two of the most common: Erigeron 'Wayne Roderick' and Erigeron 'W.R.' The 'Wayne Roderick' cultivar has dark purple flowers,and 'W.R.' is more heat tolerant, making it a good choice for inland gardens.

Horticultural selection from Erigeron glaucus. Cape sebastian seaside Daisy is the smallest of the seaside daisies which makes it an ideal plant for small gardens, containers, borders and butterfly gardens. In spring, summer and into fall this compact flower will have plentiful daisy type blooms, 1" diameter, lavender petals with yellow centers. Some supplemental irrigation in summer will keep this plant looking it's best. Feel free to dead head the flowers and cut back the flower stems to about 1" in winter after flowering. This plant will tolerate sand and also does well in clay soils. We have found Cape sebastian to take cold temperatures down to about 12F and tolerate summer heat. On the coast plant in sun or light shade, inland you will need to provide at least afternoon shade. The pollinators and butterflies adore this plant, and if seeds are allowed to form after flowering the song birds will also feast! Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Prefers sun in coastal sites, and part shade in inland sites. Selected for the garden.

Horticultural selection from Erigeron glaucus. This is a compact evergreen shrub with gorgeous lavender-purple flowers 1" diameter produced over an extended period. This useful, small daisy provides masses of flower color for mixed borders, rock gardens, coastal bluff gardens, containers or as a small scale groundcover. Dead head the spent flowers for best appearance and longer bloom. Provide some partial shade inland in the summer months. The butterflies will love you for providing this plant! There is some confusion between the 'Wayne Roderick' and 'WR' varieties of Beach Aster. We find that the 'WR' is lower growing with smaller, aster-like leaves and its flowers are held on longer stalks.

Erigeron petrophilus is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common names rockloving erigeron or cliff fleabane. It is native to the mountain ranges of California from Siskiyou County south as far as San Luis Obispo County and El Dorado County. It also grows in southwestern Oregon. Erigeron petrophilus grows in forest and woodland, often, as its name suggests, in rocky habitat. It is sometimes grows on serpentine soils. This is a perennial herb growing many hairy, glandular, spreading stems from a tough, woody caudex. The narrow, oblong leaves are equal in size and spaced evenly along each stem. The inflorescence is a cluster of several flower heads, each just over a centimeter (0. 5 inches) wide and lined with layers of fuzzy, glandular phyllaries. The heads contains many yellow disc florets but no ray florets. The fruit is a small achene with a pappus of bristles.

Eriogonum arborescens is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Santa Cruz Island buckwheat. This shrub is endemic to the Channel Islands of California.

The stems bear narrow, fuzzy green leaves at the ends of the branches. The bush erects clusters of densely clustered, frilly flowers. Each flower is tiny, very light pink in color, with nine protruding stamens. The flowers turn brown as they age. The bark is red and ribbony.

This is an uncommon plant in its native range on a few of the Channel Islands. It has also been planted as highway landscaping and in gardens on mainland California, where the shrub is not native.

Santa Cruz Island Buckwheat is easy to grow. Plant on dry, well drained shallow slopes or flats, and surround with plenty of mulch or rocks. It's extremely drought tolerant, and after the first two years should need no supplemental summer water. Even when drought-stressed in the summer, the plant looks beautiful, turning a beautiful silvery green color as the soil dries out.

Eriogonum caespitosum is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name matted buckwheat, or mat buckwheat. This is a common perennial plant native to the western United States from California to Montana, especially the Great Basin. It is also cultivated as a rock garden plant. This is a tough perennial plant which grows in flat, woody mats in sand and gravel substrates. It has small, fuzzy gray leaves which are scoop-shaped due to their rolled edges. From the mat emerge many erect flower clusters with clusters of greenish-yellow and bright red rounded flowers which hang backwards over the edge of the involucre. Some of the flowers are bisexual and up to a centimeter wide each, and some are only staminate and are much smaller.

Eriogonum cinereum is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names coastal buckwheat and ashyleaf buckwheat. This shrub is endemic to the coastline of California, where it grows on beaches and bluffs and in coastal scrub and chaparral. This plant may reach up over a meter in height and width and is light silvery gray in color due to the woolly hairs on its stems and foliage. The leaves are wavy-edged ovals one to three centimeters long. The flower clusters stick out from the plant, each with one to several heads of tiny tightly-packed frilly flowers which are usually light brownish-pink in color and quite hairy. This is the foodplant for Euphilotes bernardino, the Bernardino dotted blue butterfly.

Arrowleaf Buckwheat (Eriogonum compositum) is a native perennial herb that grows in central and northern California. It tends to grow in gravelly places, at elevations from 0-8200 feet.

Eriogonum crocatum (Conejo Buckwheat or Saffron Buckwheat) is a rare species of wild Buckwheat that is endemic to the Conejo Valley and surrounding regions in Ventura County, California. It grows on open, dry hillsides, often in crags in rock faces. Conejo Buckwheat is a perennial shrub less than 0.5 meter high by 0.5-1 meter wide. Its foliage is a striking silvery green, with woolly leaves. It flowers from April-August, bearing clusters of tiny bright, sulfur yellow flowers. It has no dormancy period. Probably performs best in coastal southern California.

Eriogonum davidsonii is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Davidson's buckwheat. This plant is native to the southwestern United States and northern Baja California, where it grows in sandy or gravelly soils in a variety of habitats. It is a spindly annual herb growing up to 40 centimeters in height. The fuzzy leaves are located at the base of the plant and are one or two centimeters wide and round with wavy or wrinkly margins. It is variable in appearance, but is generally erect with thin, naked, neatly branching stems bearing clusters of tiny flowers at widely-spaced nodes. Each flower is about 2 millimeters wide, bell-shaped, and usually pink.

Longstem Buckwheat (Eriogonum elongatum) is a common native perennial herb that grows in northern, southern and central California. It tends to grow in , at elevations from 200-6200 feet.

California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum) is a shrub with a variable appearance, forming a patchy, compact bramble or a spreading bush. The leaves are leathery, woolly on the undersides, and rolled under along the edges. Profuse clusters of pink to white and cream-colored flowers appear as early as March and dry to a pretty red rust color.

California buckwheats are tough and easy to grow, even in very dry conditions. They prefer a well draining sunny site. Once established, no water is needed but the plant can tolerate occasional summer water. As the soil dries, it sheds its dried flowers and a significant portion of its small blade-like leaves, creating natural mulch. Low growing forms make a good spreading ground cover, and taller varieties can even be shaped into hedges.

California Buckwheat is a keystone species for sagebrush scrub ecosystems, and a great choice for wildlife and butterfly gardens. It is attractive to honey bees and a good source of nectar over many months in drier areas.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Selected for the garden.

Horticultural selection from Eriogonum fasciculatum from Dana Point in Orange County. This horticultural selection blooms pretty white flowers during the summer, and has an attractive tight mounding form. The flowers are important sources of food for butterflies and birds.

Horticultural selection E. fasciculatum: origin = cuttings (1983) Dana Point headlands, south coast, Orange Co.; intro Tree of Life Nursery 1985. Tolerates almost any soil type. Selected for the garden.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Selection of foothill and desert species of southern California. Introduced by the Theodore Payne Foundation in Sun Valley.

Warriner Lytle Buckwheat, Eriogonum fasciculatum 'Warriner Lytle', is a low horticultural selection of the perennial soft woody shrub species Eriogonum fasciculatum (California Buckwheat). This tough and drought tolerant native cultivar combines the hardiness and habitat value of the species, with the garden versatility of its selected low-growing form. This dependable groundcover plant is adaptable and easy to grow.

Warriner Lytle Buckwheat can reach 1-2' high but is often more prostrate. Its arching branches can spread 4'-5' wide. Fine dark-green, needle-like green leaves are topped in the summer by globe shaped clusters of pinkish-white to cream flowers, that then age to a rusty red-brown in late summer or autumn. It adds floral color to the summer native garden, and is a major draw in butterfly, pollinator, and bird habitat gardens. This low buckwheat makes a good ground cover, or an accent plant beside patios and pathways for enjoying the blooms and many butterflies they attract. With its dense foliage coverage and deep roots this ground cover is good for erosion control, slope stabilization, suppressing weed germination, and dry hot slopes.

California Buckwheats are a favorite nectar source for many butterfly species, native leaf cutter bees, and honey bees. As the summer progresses into autumn the birds will flock to feed on the seeds. Warriner Lytle Buckwheat will tolerate almost any soil type, including clay when planted on slopes or raised mounds, and take summer's high heat. Once established it needs very little water, one can provide occasional deep watering or none. Eriogonum fasciculatum 'Warriner Lytle' was selected and introduced for gardens by the Theodore Payne Foundation in Los Angeles, who named it for one of their dedicated volunteers.

Tolerates almost any soil type. Selected for the garden.

California Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum var. fasciculatum) is a common native that grows in southern California. It tends to grow in dry south facing slopes, at elevations from 0-7500 feet.

Leafy California Buckwheat, (Eriogonum fasciculatum var. foliolosum), is one of the four recognized varieties of this widespread species, and the one most often seen in populated areas of southern California. However, it is fairly common throughout central and southern California along the coast and on western side of the peninsular range, where it grows on dry slopes, washes and canyons, at elevations from sea level to 5,200 feet.

This plant is tough and easy to grow, even in very dry conditions. Plant in a well draining sunny site. It shouldn't need supplemental water after established, but it will tolerate occasional summer water better than most extremely drought tolerant California natives. Form is is variable, ranging from more often open and upright in the foothills, to often dense and mounding closer to the coast. As the plant ages, it often develops a beautiful ropy red, brown and gray ropy woody trunk and interesting twisting structure. Produces profuse pink to white and cream-colored flowers as early as March that dry to a pretty red rust color as the soil dries. It sheds its dried flowers and significant portion of its small blade-like leaves each dry season, and is an important plant for creating natural mulch. California Buckwheats are a keystone species for sagebrush scrub ecosystems, and a great choice for wildlife and butterfly gardens.

For further detail please refer to the listing for the main species, Eriogonum fasciculatum.

California Buckwheat has several recognized varieties that are found in different ecoregions. This variety (var. polifolium) is a smaller and grayer buckwheat, commonly found in the Sonora and Mojave deserts, although its ranges covers the southern California foothills as well. It grows in southern and central California, as well as outside of the state, on dry slopes and washes and canyons, at elevations from 200-7500 feet. It is both more heat tolerant and more cold tolerant.

This is a great plant for natural landscapes especially in the foothills and deserts in its wide natural range. The gray foliage of Interior Buckwheat is striking mixed in with green of Coastal California Buckwheat,and is great plant for attracting birds, pollinators and other wildlife. Plant in full sun in a well draining site, and avoid direct summer water once established. Very tough and easy to grow, but tends to grow more slowly than the coastal variety.

St. Catherine's lace (Eriogonum giganteum) is large and showy buckwheat endemic to the Channel Islands of California. It flowers densely, in carpets of clustered tiny pinkish white flowers. Young flower heads are white and lacy, gradually turning to warm, reddish brown over the summer. This plant is fast-growing and variable in size, from 2 feet tall and wide to a sprawling or rounded bush over 9 feet high and wide. One variety, the Santa Barbara Island buckwheat, is particularly rare so should not be planted next to wildlands, especially in areas where it can hybridize with natural populations of cross-compatible species of Eriogonum.

In the garden, the plant likes fast-draining, preferably rocky, soil and regular water until it is established. It is clay tolerant when drainage is fast. It grows in full sun and adapts to high inland temperatures but does not do well in frost. Cut back after bloom.

The UC Davis Arboretum named this wildlife-friendly plant one of its "All-Stars" for use in California landscapes. It supports honey bees, native bees, birds and small mammals and hosts a likely total of 12 species of butterfly and moths.

A member of the plant family Polygonaceae, Eriogonum gracile is an annual species of wild buckwheat native to California and to parts of northwestern Baja California. There are two named varieties, E. gracile var. gracile which is more widespread in California and has a hairier (or woollier) appearance than E. gracile var. incultum which is limited to Southern California and Baja. This small, drought tolerant annual grows in many types of habitats; in sandy as well as clay soils; and in a variety of shapes, from erect to prostrate. Showy, slender, multiply branching, stems rise above the low rosettes of gray-green, smooth to hairy (or woolly), spoon-shaped leaves. The stems are lined with small clusters of flowers in shades of white and pink or yellow during the summer months or even longer. This plant, currently available through seed companies, is a good prospect for habitat restoration and for clustering among other annuals in a wild garden.

Eriogonum grande is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name redflower buckwheat. It is native to the Channel Islands of California, as well as northwestern Baja California. It is a mat-forming perennial herb producing tall, stout flower clusters of white, pink, or red flowers. Its long bloom time in summer makes it popular with pollinators. Leaves are located mainly at the base of the plant and are wavy along the edges and up to 10 centimeters long; the upper side is dark green, the underside is very pale. Although it is spreading, it doesn't spread far or fast and retains a petite form. It is useful in rock gardens, spilling over a wall, or in the understory of larger plants. Despite its island origin, it performs well inland if given some afternoon shade and a little extra water. There are three recognized varieties in the wild. Var. rubescens is the most commonly available form found in nurseries.