California hazel (Corylus cornuta var. californica) -- also commonly called beaked hazelnut or California hazelnut -- is an evergreen shrub in the Birch family (Betulaceae). Delicate stems are clothed in velvety birch-like leaves which turn golden yellow in autumn. Springtime brings dangling cream-colored catkins before the leaves appear, which can resemble tiny ornaments when viewed from a distance in a forest. Although ruby red, the flowers are quite small, and escape notice unless one is looking for them.

Butterflies and moths are attracted to the flowers and Early Hairstreak butterflies use the plant to lay their eggs. Wild birds feed on the high-protein winter buds and spring catkins. Hazelnuts are famous for their fruit, which is a delicious nut that is enclosed in a papery, beaked-shaped husk. Our native hazelnut, while not as productive as the commercial crop (European Hazelnut, Corylus avellana), may require protection from wildlife if one wishes to grow it for its nuts.

California hazel thrives as an understory shrub or small tree in Woodland habitats, flourishing in part to full shade and slightly moist, well-drained soil near creeks, streams, or under dense tree canopies. Gardeners who are interested in growing their own food using Permaculture or Food Forest methods, can include this plant in the shrub layer. For those who wish to attract wildlife, this is also a wonderful choice. California hazel adds a delicate, ethereal quality to a woodland garden and those with shady yards will find this shrub to be a great addition to their landscapes.